Series 420: Welding

Course 418: Oxyfuel Operations

Covers the welding of ferrous and nonferrous metals. Describes oxygen cutting as well as brazing and soldering. Discusses surfacing techniques.

Fusion welding; Fluxes; Flame characteristics; Temperature control; Welding common mild steels, stainless steel, cast iron, and wrought iron

Explain how oxyfuel welding joins metals and how it differs from arc welding.
Explain how braze welding and torch brazing are different from oxyfuel welding and from each other.
Discuss the purposes for using flux and characteristics that make a flux suitable for an application.
Compare the appearance and general uses of the carburizing flame, neutral flame, and oxidizing flame.
Explain why preheating and postheating are used.
List important considerations in welding common mild steels, stainless steel, and cast and wrought iron.

Joint preparation; Welding aluminum, copper, brass, bronze, lead, nickel, and magnesium

Discuss characteristics of aluminum that are important in welding.
Explain how to use aluminum alloy designations.
Describe procedures used in aluminum joint preparation and in aluminum welding.
Discuss characteristics of copper and copper alloys that are important in welding.
Discuss procedures for welding copper, brass, and bronze.
Discuss procedures for welding lead, nickel, and magnesium.
Summarize general standard procedures for making optimum welds.

Oxygen cutting process, torch, and tips; Cutting safety; Cutting bevels; Piercing holes; Cutting circles; Removing rivets; Gouging; Scarfing

Explain the similarities and differences between oxyfuel cutting and oxyfuel welding.
Describe the equipment and safety precautions necessary for torch cutting and list standard steps in the torch cutting operation.
Describe special equipment or methods used in cutting bevels, piercing holes, cutting circles, and cutting away rivets.
Explain why gouging, scarfing, and washing are used.
Explain methods used on metals that are otherwise difficult to cut.

Filler alloys and fluxes; Brazing and braze welding cast, malleable iron, aluminum, and steel; Safety; Soldering; Kinds of solder; Soldering tools

Compare and contrast brazing, braze welding, and oxyfuel fusion welding.
Describe the materials and procedures used in brazing and braze welding.
Explain important special considerations in braze welding cast and malleable iron, brazing aluminum, and brazing stainless steel.
List the safety precautions necessary for brazing and braze welding operations.
Explain how soldering differs from brazing and describe the materials and procedures used in soldering.

Thermal spraying; Hard facing; Flame spraying; Surfacing materials; Preparation; Safety

Define hard face welding and thermal spraying as used for surfacing purposes and discuss general uses of each.
Discuss advantages and disadvantages of detonation-gun, plasma, and electric arc thermal spraying and explain how each is done.
Describe the processes of torch hard facing and flame spraying.
Name several common surfacing materials and discuss one or more characteristics of each.
List the steps, including those for surface preparation, in repairing a shaft by means of thermal spraying.
Discuss the safety precautions necessary to prevent or minimize hazards from surfacing processes.