Introduction to Carpentry

Lesson 1: Layout and Hand Tools

Topics

Introduction; Dressing for Carpentry Work; Safety Accessories and Equipment; Layout Tools; Straightedge; Marking Gauge; T-Bevel and Protractor; Framing Square; Testing a Framing Square; Chalk Box and Line; Work-Holding Vises and Clamps; Hand Tools; Your Toolbox

Objectives

• Identify the safety equipment that a carpenter should wear to protect his eyes, hands, and feet.
• List the twelve common layout tools mentioned in this lesson.
• Describe how to check the accuracy of a framing square.
• Tell how you would acquire the hand tools you need as a carpenter trainee.
• Point out the features that you'd look for when buying your own toolbox.

Lesson 2: Carpenter's Power Tools

Topics

Rules for Power Tool Safety; The Circular Saw; Blades for Circular Saws; Correct Use of a Circular Saw; The Saber Saw; Reciprocating Saw; The Power Drill; The Power Plane; The Router; Belt Sander; Finishing Sander; Specialty Tools for Carpenters; Nailers and Tackers; Power Actuated Fastening Tools; The Screw Gun

Objectives

• List the twelve safety rules for power tools mentioned in this Lesson.
• Explain how to mount a new blade properly in a circular saw.
• Tell how to start and finish a cut with a circular saw.
• Describe how to drill wood safely with a power drill.
• Tell how to shape an edge with a router.
• Identify the three steps involved in sanding a surface with a finishing sander.

Lesson 3: Lumber, Wood Products, and Fasteners

Topics

Hardwood vs. Softwood; Lumber Sizes; Lumber Grading; Lumber Defects; Moisture Content; Milling Methods; Millwork; Plywood; Plywood Grading; Working with Plywood; Hardboard; Particleboard; Proper Storage of Lumber; Standard Nails; Special Nails; Wood Screws

Objectives

• Describe the difference between the actual and nominal dimensions of lumber.
• Tell how defects such as checks, knots, and warping limit the value and use of lumber.
• Explain how kiln drying of lumber produces different results from air drying.
• Point out the differences between solid core and veneer core plywood.
• Describe the construction and uses of particleboard.
• Compare common nails, casing nails, and finishing nails.
• List the information you must give your supplier when ordering wood screws.

Lesson 4: Estimating Carpentry Costs

Topics

Units for Ordering Material; Reducing Waste Material; Using Waste Material; Bill of Materials; Preparing a Cost Estimate; Overhead; Guides for Cost Estimating; Tips on Organizing a Task

Objectives

• Explain the difference between a board foot and a linear foot of lumber.
• Describe the relationship between a bundle and a square of roofing shingles.
• List the information contained in a bill of material.
• Name the factors you need to prepare a cost estimate for labor on a job.
• Point out some of the things you must do before beginning a job, so the work goes smoothly.

Lesson 5: Plans, Specifications, and Codes

Topics

Architectural Drawings; Presentation Drawings; How to Read Drawings; Dimensions on Drawings; Symbols Used in Drawings; Equipment Schedules; A Full Set of Plans; Specifications for Construction; Building Codes and Zoning Laws; Building Permits; Making Your Own Drawings

Objectives

• Name the features of a building that you'll find in the plan and elevation views.
• Demonstrate how to use an architect's scale and a draftsman's scale.
• List at least four building features whose details are contained in the specifications.
• Explain why building codes are necessary in the construction industry.
• Describe the information you must submit to obtain a building permit.